Vitorr classes

  🟢 Article 27 – Freedom as to Payment of Taxes for Promotion of Any Particular Religion English: Article 27 prohibits the State from compelling any person to: Pay taxes for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion or religious institution. 🟩 Key Points: No tax can be levied if its proceeds are specifically meant to promote or maintain any particular religion. Ensures that secularism is maintained — the State will not fund or favor any religion. However, this does not prohibit the State from: Spending money for secular welfare of religious communities (e.g., scholarships to minorities). Supporting heritage preservation (e.g., maintaining old temples, mosques, or churches as cultural sites). ➡ Objective: To maintain the secular character of the Indian State and prevent misuse of public money for religious propagation. हिन्दी: अनुच्छेद 27 राज्य को किसी भी व्यक्ति को मजबूर करने से रोकता है कि वह: “किसी विशेष धर्म या धार्मिक संस्था के ...

  🚆 Mizoram Capital Aizawl Gets Its First Rail Link via Hortoki–Sairang Section 🚆 मिजोरम की राजधानी आइज़ॉल को पहली बार रेल सेवा से जोड़ा गया English: On June 13, 2025 , the Commission of Railway Safety (CRS) approved the Hortoki–Sairang railway line , marking a historic moment for Mizoram as its capital Aizawl will be connected by rail for the first time . This stretch is the final section of the Bairabi–Sairang railway project and spans 33.86 km , passing through challenging hilly terrain . It includes 32 tunnels and 35 major bridges , highlighting the engineering challenges in this region. Sairang , where the railway now ends, is a satellite town of Aizawl , allowing for smoother logistics and travel into the state capital. Hindi (हिंदी): 13 जून 2025 को रेलवे सुरक्षा आयोग (CRS) ने होर्टोकी–सैरांग रेलवे लाइन को मंजूरी दी, जिससे मिजोरम की राजधानी आइज़ॉल को पहली बार रेल कनेक्शन प्राप्त हुआ। यह मार्ग बैराबी–सैरांग रेलवे परियोजना का अंतिम चरण है और इसकी लंबाई 3...

  Indian Army Participates in Multinational Exercise ‘Khaan Quest’ in Mongolia 🪖 भारतीय सेना ने मंगोलिया में बहुराष्ट्रीय अभ्यास ‘खान क्वेस्ट’ में भाग लिया English: On June 13, 2025 , the Indian Army contingent arrived in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia to take part in the annual multinational military exercise ‘Khaan Quest’ . Originally launched in 2003 as a bilateral exercise between the United States and Mongolian Armed Forces , it evolved into a multinational peacekeeping operation from 2006 onward. The exercise aims to enhance interoperability , share peacekeeping best practices , and promote regional and global security cooperation . Hindi (हिंदी): 13 जून 2025 को भारतीय सेना का दल मंगोलिया की राजधानी उलानबातर पहुंचा, जहां वह वार्षिक बहुराष्ट्रीय सैन्य अभ्यास ‘खान क्वेस्ट’ में भाग ले रहा है। यह अभ्यास सबसे पहले 2003 में अमेरिका और मंगोलियाई सशस्त्र बलों के बीच एक द्विपक्षीय अभ्यास के रूप में शुरू हुआ था और 2006 से इसे एक बहुराष्ट्रीय शांति मिशन अभ्यास में बदल दि...

  📜 English Passage: Indian Constitution – Fundamental Rights The Indian Constitution is often regarded as a remarkable document that guarantees justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity to all citizens. Among its most celebrated provisions are the Fundamental Rights, enshrined in Part III of the Constitution from Articles 12 to 35. These rights are essential for the development of an individual's personality and the preservation of human dignity. Fundamental Rights act as a limitation on the powers of the State. They ensure that no authority, not even the government, can act arbitrarily or unjustly against any individual. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the chief architect of the Constitution, described these rights as the soul of the Constitution. They are enforceable by the courts, meaning that any citizen can directly approach the High Court or Supreme Court in case of violation. There are six Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution: Right to Equality (Articles 14–18) Right ...

  🟢 Article 26 – Freedom to Manage Religious Affairs English: Article 26 guarantees that every religious denomination or any section thereof has the right to: Establish and maintain institutions for religious and charitable purposes Manage its own affairs in matters of religion Own and acquire movable and immovable property Administer such property in accordance with law ➡ Applies to: Religious denominations (e.g., Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Jains, Christians) and sub-sects (like Shaivites, Vaishnavites, Shias, Sunnis) Both citizens and non-citizens (as part of religious communities) ➡ Limitations: Subject to public order, morality, and health Administration of property can be regulated by the State by law State can ensure transparency and social reform in management (e.g., temple trusts) ➡ Key Judgments: Shirur Mutt Case (1954) : SC held that a religious denomination has autonomy in managing religious affairs. Sabarimala Case (2018) : Tension be...

  🟢 Article 25 – Freedom of Conscience and Free Profession, Practice and Propagation of Religion English: Article 25(1) guarantees to every person: Freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate religion. 🟩 Key Rights under Article 25: Freedom of Conscience : Right to believe in any religion or not believe at all. Profess : To declare one’s religion openly. Practice : To follow rituals, customs, and worship. Propagate : To spread one’s religion to others (but not force conversion). ➡ Restrictions under Article 25(2): These freedoms are subject to: Public order Morality Health Other Fundamental Rights The State can regulate: Economic, financial, political, or secular activities related to religion. Social welfare reforms (like abolishing untouchability or temple entry laws). ➡ Applies to: All persons – citizens and non-citizens alike. हिन्दी: अनुच्छेद 25(1) प्रत्येक व्यक्ति को यह अधिकार देता है: “धार्मि...

  🟢 Article 24 – Prohibition of Employment of Children in Factories, etc. English: Article 24 states: “No child below the age of 14 years shall be employed in any factory or mine or engaged in any other hazardous employment.” 🟩 Key Highlights: Applies to children under 14 years of age . Prohibits employment in: Factories Mines Hazardous industries Allows non-hazardous work (like family businesses, etc.) under certain regulated conditions — as per government norms. ➡ Legal Support: Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 (amended in 2016) Prohibits children below 14 from all occupations , except family-based non-hazardous work. Bans adolescents (14–18 years) from hazardous work . ➡ Purpose: To protect children’s health, education, and dignity . Aligns with UN Convention on Rights of the Child , to which India is a signatory. हिन्दी: अनुच्छेद 24 कहता है: “14 वर्...